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An assumption is a statement that you assume to be true. Without assuming certain things planning would be impossible, as we never know for certain how the future will look like.

1. All building materials will be available in the market before the project start
   2.The legal framework will not change drastically in the near future

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The theory of Analysis to Evaluate

this is a very interesting module.

The assessment of risks and assumptions allows us to prevent the failure of our project. Most of the time, we commit ourselves before determining the environment of our project. In the past, with our NGO "Initiative Ivoirienne pour la Femme et l'Enfant '', we have approached a project with the Ivorian government for compulsory schooling for children in Côte d'Ivoire without taking into account the the fact that many children did not have a birth certificate to register and that schools had to be built in the most remote localities before parents were forced to send their children to school.

It is true and logical that risks are unforeseen things that are likely to affect our projects process. They are outcomes that you rarely anticipate they will happen and if they happen they negatively affect the whole process of project design. it is important that project managers or the entire team of monitoring and evaluation assess all the risks as early as the project design before it is too late to rectify or mitigate the risks.

on the other hand assumptions are biases that we have formed in our mind and work with them along to the final process of the project. thus, its is prudent to work with data collected from various sources to help building the project on serious foundation based on facts collected. Working with facts instead of assumptions will make the project impacts be achieved because it is based on evidence, hence it becomes an evidence based project design.

It is true and logical that risks are unforeseen things that are likely to affect our projects process. They are outcomes that you rarely anticipate they will happen and if they happen they negatively affect the whole process of project design. it is important that project managers or the entire team of monitoring and evaluation assess all the risks as early as the project design before it is too late to rectify or mitigate the risks.

on the other hand assumptions are biases that we have formed in our mind and work with them along to the final process of the project. thus, its is prudent to work with data collected from various sources to help building the project on serious foundation based on facts collected. Working with facts instead of assumptions will make the project impacts be achieved because it is based on evidence, hence it becomes an evidence based project design.

yes i must admit that the post well written out with the best content and context regarding risks and assumptions.
it is imperative that project managers and the monitoring and evaluation team evaluates and assesses all the risks likely going to affect the project to avoid inconveniences. some of this inconveniences include late discovery of the risks hence leading to a loss and wastage of resources.

Risk is the “effect of uncertainty on objectives.” Within the logic framework approach
to project design, however, risk is formulated as the negative assumptions behind, or
the facts of, the project including the interaction between context conditions and the
project. In other words, risks in logic frameworks are the potential logical barriers to the
achievement of the objectives for each level in the design hierarchy

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Your ideas about risks and assumptions are wonderful.
You made it look so simple.

What are assumptions in risk management?
If the event is negative and there is a low probability that it will happen, it can be stated as an assumption. If the event is positive and there is a high likelihood it will happen, it is also an assumption. One way to identify important assumptions is to perform a risk assessment and look at all the low-risk items.

I am thinking risks can as well with from the management in project teams.
I look at risks as both being internally and externally depending on the factors that risk and needs acceptance, prevention, reduction and other mitigation measures. My submission.

Risks are one of the most important aspects of uncertainty project teams must looked into.
It can be mitigated and to do so is the best way out through acceptance, reduction and prevention.
If it's checked, then project can go on smoothly.

Indeed it is always important to makes sure that we have closely considered taking a look at the possible risks and assumptions to avoid having problems that could be avoided before launching our projects.

Risks are one of the most important aspects of uncertainty project teams must looked into.
It can be mitigated and to do so is the best way out through acceptance, reduction and prevention.
If it's checked, then project can go on smoothly.

Risks are one of the most important aspects of uncertainty project teams must looked into.
It can be mitigated and to do so is the best way out through acceptance, reduction and prevention.
If it's checked, then project can go on smoothly.

Its very good to be aware of all the related risks and assumptions to the projects and get ways to mitigate them before the project starts.

Risks :
Chick mortality due to disease or Avian Flu.
Lack of knowledge or training of employees.
Lack of sufficient money to carry out the project.

Assumptions :
If the medical protocol is well developed and well followed, the risk of mortality will be low.
If employees have experience or have knowledge or training in poultry farming, the risk of mortality will be low
If i have sufficent money or ressources i will build a poultry farm, buy some equipments and develop my business

Risks refers to the factors that could cause your project to go poorly,and these factors are usually outside your control. Example of risks is where funds intended for a cause can be redirected to other uses.
Assumptions refers to the things that we believe but these things are not supported by evidence ,such as assuming that all students who learn financial courses will know how to properly manage funds.
It is important to plan for risks and assumptions in order to understand unforeseeable events and occurrence that might affect your project implementation and hence be prepared enough.

In this context, a risk is defined as an uncertain threat that, in case of occurring, could have a negative impact in the completion of the Goal or Activity. ... An assumption, on the other side, is the necessary condition that will enable the successful completion of the Goal or Activity.

What should I answer for ?

Well understood

Very true .team work matters much in identifying the risk and assumptio

Well understood

Where do we place the risk and assumption when planning

The importance of the risk and assumption is to provide a better achievement of the project by determining the negetive objectives that may occur in the project and the assumption provide the predictions on the effectivenes or ineffective of the project objectives

How does the risk or assumptions being carried

In every project the risks and assumption must be there?

Much i have gained much thanks

Pls I need someone to explain more about risks and Assumptions in an M&E plan.

Outputs and inputs.
I need more lights on outputs and inputs..

A risk is an assumption with a higher level of failure. It is an event that could happen with a notable probability and could affect the outcome of your project substantially. You have to take risks into account when planning your project as they might change the entire setup if the event actually occurs. They might even end your entire project if they occur. Here are a couple of examples of risks in a project proposal:
After an election, a different political party is in charge that does not support your agenda
list itemize item,
Natural catastrophes like floods or landslides hamper the success of your project,
The pattern of rain will change in the near future.

An assumption is a statement that you assume to be true. Without assuming certain things planning would be impossible, as we never know for certain how the future will look like. We have to assume our government keeps working, our organization will keep existing and the weather will follow its usual pattern. Sometimes we look at these things as if they were facts, but in reality, they are just assumptions, as we cannot be 100% sure. Here are a couple of examples of assumptions in a project proposal:
All building materials will be available in the market before the project start,
The legal framework will not change drastically in the near future,
The pattern of rain will not change in the near future,

can the assumptions and risk be indirectly connected to the project.

Assumptions:
The assumptions are the external factors we expect to happen and we want them to actually happen, because their occurrence is required so we can implement the activities and successfully achieve objectives and reach outputs and outcomes. Therefore the assumption is the necessary and desirable situation to happen so that activities can be implemented and goals achieved successfully.
Risks
Risks are unrealized assumptions. Therefore, unrealized assumptions become a threat that leads to the termination of the project or implementation difficulties.
The identification of the assumptions and risks helps in clarifying whether the proposed objectives and activities are realistic and achievable during the time of the project implementation with the proposed human and financial resources; it further ensures that internal and external circumstances surrounding project implementation are suitable and will help in implementing the project.

Types of risks that may occur:
• Legal risks: such as lawsuits that are filed by the project’s beneficiaries as a result of non-application of standards that led to excluding the ones who are eligible for the assistance.
Lawsuits can be filed by the residents in the targeted area who are directly affected by the project implementation, like uncompleted water project after a deep well is drilled due to a problem, lack of funding or contractors faults.
• Regulatory risks: one of specialized government agencies is absent and not involved in planning and coordinating prior to activities implementation. Other risks can be: weak procedures in the announcements and opening of tenders; or not specifying clear procedures that help in implementing activities in the required quality, which leads to inadequate performance that may make it difficult to achieve the desired project results. In addition, the implementation plan or monitoring and evaluation plans were not clear and responsibilities, requirements and time periods were not clearly defined.
• Technical risks: there may be errors or deficiencies in projects’ design, where constructions or rehabilitation is required in health facilities, schools and water projects; or when inappropriate technology is used, or there is unavailability or shortage of required materials for implementation.
• Location risks: there may be disputes on the ownership of the place or the area that was chosen to implement IDPs or refugee’s camps; or local residents may refuse the existence of these camps or sanitation, which is going to be built near their villages.
• Financial risks: there may be changes in exchange rates (currency fluctuation) and a decrease in the local currency, which will result in a rise in the required materials such as food baskets, building materials and workers’ wages.
• Social risks: failing to form community committees or excluding influential people in the targeted community; not involving them and coordinating with them will lead to hindering project implementation, filing complaints and difficulties in handling such complaints.
• Political and security risks: conflicts of interests may arise between the political components in the region because of the project implementation, or there may be conflicts and security problems that lead to the termination of the project due to the difficulty for the project’s staff to be present in the targeted area; this, in turn, makes it difficult to monitor activities’ implementation and evaluate achieved objectives.

Assumptions:
The assumptions are the external factors we expect to happen and we want them to actually happen, because their occurrence is required so we can implement the activities and successfully achieve objectives and reach outputs and outcomes. Therefore the assumption is the necessary and desirable situation to happen so that activities can be implemented and goals achieved successfully.

Risks
Risks are unrealized assumptions. Therefore, unrealized assumptions become a threat that leads to the termination of the project or implementation difficulties.

The identification of the assumptions and risks helps in clarifying whether the proposed objectives and activities are realistic and achievable during the time of the project implementation with the proposed human and financial resources; it further ensures that internal and external circumstances surrounding project implementation are suitable and will help in implementing the project.

Types of risks that may occur:

• Legal risks: such as lawsuits that are filed by the project’s beneficiaries as a result of non-application of standards that led to excluding the ones who are eligible for the assistance.
  Lawsuits can be filed by the residents in the targeted area who are directly affected by the project implementation, like uncompleted water project after a deep well is drilled due to a problem, lack of funding or contractors faults.

• Regulatory risks: one of specialized government agencies is absent and not involved in planning and coordinating prior to activities implementation. Other risks can be: weak procedures in the announcements and opening of tenders; or not specifying clear procedures that help in implementing activities in the required quality, which leads to inadequate performance that may make it difficult to achieve the desired project results. In addition, the implementation plan or monitoring and evaluation plans were not clear and responsibilities, requirements and time periods were not clearly defined.

• Technical risks: there may be errors or deficiencies in projects’ design, where constructions or rehabilitation is required in health facilities, schools and water projects; or when inappropriate technology is used, or there is unavailability or shortage of required materials for implementation.

• Location risks: there may be disputes on the ownership of the place or the area that was chosen to implement IDPs or refugee’s camps; or local residents may refuse the existence of these camps or sanitation, which is going to be built near their villages.
  Financial risks: there may be changes in exchange rates (currency fluctuation) and a decrease in the local currency, which will result in a rise in the required materials such as food baskets, building materials and workers’ wages.

• Social risks: failing to form community committees or excluding influential people in the targeted community; not involving them and coordinating with them will lead to hindering project implementation, filing complaints and difficulties in handling such complaints.

• Political and security risks: conflicts of interests may arise between the political components in the region because of the project implementation, or there may be conflicts and security problems that lead to the termination of the project due to the difficulty for the project’s staff to be present in the targeted area; this, in turn, makes it difficult to monitor activities’ implementation and evaluate achieved objectives.

Review all risks ,put them in the right place in the table of logframe so you can solve them.

What external factors are necessary if the purpose is to contribute the achievements of goal
What external factor are necessary to sustain the objectives in long run

Yeah
bro! Surely u had widen my understanding as far as this topic on risk and assumption is concern

Guys please I failed to move to the next step

risk is an uncertain threat that, in case of occurring, could have a negative impact in the completion of the Goal or Activity. An assumption, on the other side, is the necessary condition that will enable the successful completion of the Goal or Activity.

Risk is defined as an uncertain threat that, in case of occurring, could have a negative impact in the completion of the Goal or Activity. An assumption, on the other side, is the necessary condition that will enable the successful completion of the Goal or Activity.

Business owners and operators owe a DUTY OF CARE to their patrons – those whom they invite onto their premises. If a customer is harmed or injured by the dangerous condition, the business operator will normally be liable for damages for the tort of NEGLIGENCE. ASSUMPTION OF RISK – A plaintiff who voluntary enters into a risky situation, knowing the risk involved, will not be allowed to recover. The Requirement of Assumption of Risk – Knowledge of the Risk and Voluntary Assumption of the Risk. BATTERY – An unexcused, harmful, or offensive physical contact intentionally performed.

For My Project:

Assumptions are:

• the security situation is guaranteed in the Health Zone
• communities adhere to project activities
• Coordination with the various partners in the Zone is effective and avoids duplication of interventions
  Risks:
• The security situation in the 16 currently accessible health areas is volatile and prevents the smooth running of activities
• Resurgence of inter-community conflicts leading to population movements
• The delivery of care kits and essential drugs to the care structures is made impossible due to insecurity
• There is a delay in the delivery of drugs, thus delaying the effective coverage
  Means of Mitigation:
• Médécins d'Afrique (MDA) has a security plan allowing it to work in difficult and insecure areas
• To allow the membership of all communities, activities will be implemented with the full participation of community leaders (religious, political-administrative, customary, etc.)
• anticipation will be made on the drug acquisition process

In my opinion, the risks and assumptions will always vary across projects and the working environment.

Possible Risks and Assumptions in relation to the MEH's project

MEH Management team should consider the various factors related with the working environment, including the culture, the availability of additional resources to expand business, the skill training opportunities, and the likes.

When risks come up even after you have assessed through risks and assumptions prior to the project starting, do you need to go back and revise the project summary?

I agree that minimizing risk is important.

Risks are any unintended problem that may hamper the project while assumptions are about the project will be succesful if things are going based on our assumption. thinking of both assumption and risks a head will help as to take an informative decision when something undesirable happens during implementation

When you’re planning a project, you tend to be optimistic about its progress. You envisage what you have to do and to what beautiful results this will lead. You don’t want to think about all the nasty things that can happen.
But there are many things that can go wrong.
The logframe helps you identify these risks and the assumptions that you make at each stage and level. This is the role of the fourth column.
The assumptions describe the situations, events, conditions or decisions which are necessary for the success of the project, but which are largely or completely beyond the control of the project's management.
The fourth column and the first column have an if… then… relation. If the assumptions in column four are met, or if the risks do not occur, then we’ll achieve what we’ve set out to do in column one.
In project management we make assumptions to enable us to get on with our project when otherwise the project would come to a halt. However, assumptions can turn out to be false, and when this happens our project can be negatively impacted. For this reason it’s important to actively monitor and manage assumptions to minimise any adverse impacts. We monitor assumptions with the project team, and manage them using the risk management process.

Risks know problems that can hinder your project from achieving its goals example the corona virus can hinder a project that wants to conduct a survey going door to door counting all people living with HIV in the community.
While assumptions are beliefs not backed up with facts that can hinder a project from achieving its goals.
Both must be identified and a plan on how to handle them must be formulated.

It’s imperative that risks and assumptions be apart of the pre-design stage of the project. I have learned that looking for risks and assumptions can help moderate the risk of bias. The use of formative research helps to identify risk and assumptions .Taking this step to note the risks and assumptions is essential in any M&E plan.

MEH initially do not have what it takes to make a good M&E plan for the project year, so far we have work on the output, outcome, and risk and assumption to bring its project to a stand point. Risk

MEH initially do not have what it takes to make a good M&E plan for the project year, so far we have work on the output, outcome, and risk and assumption to bring its project to a stand point. Risk and assumption such as
There are not enough fund for microloan and girls might not be interested in getting microloans which when given, girls might not know how to start or upgrade business. Meanwhile culture and family might discouraged girls from starting or upgrading business which girls might not be financially successful

Identifying risks and assumptions serves to assess whether the goals and activities proposed are realistic and achievable in the time frame and within the given available human and financial resources. They test whether you could identify external factors that could affect the delivery of the project. It is important to test your assumptions with your beneficiaries to enable a holistic approach to your project design. More often than not, implementers do not consider risks associated with the project because they are excited about implementing and ensuring completeness of the project without realising that they may have not considered the possibility of anything going wrong. It is important to continuesly assess the risk and context with which the project is being implemented.

In this context, a risk is defined as an uncertain threat that, in case of occurring, could have a negative impact in the project. An assumption, on the other side, is the necessary condition that will enable the successful completion of the a project.

The need for risk assessment and assumptions is important in order to mitigate factors which can derail the successes of a project.

The need for risk assessment and assumptions is important in order to mitigate factors which can derail the successes of a project.

Risks are uncertain events that may or may not occur during a project. Risks are either a negative or positive effects on progress towards project objectives.
Assumptions are any project factors that are considered to be true, real, or certain without empirical proof. Realistically speaking, it’s impossible to plan a project without making a few assumptions. The key is knowing how to spot those assumptions and putting safeguards in place so that if any assumption is proven false, the impact on project delivery will be minimal.

The two primary attributes of a risk are the probability of it happening and the impact (negative or positive) that it might have on a project. A risk is an assumption with a higher level of failure. It is an event that could happen with a notable probability and could affect the outcome of your project substantially. You have to take risks into account when planning your project as they might change the entire setup if the event actually occurs. They might even end your entire project if they occur.

An assumption is a statement that you assume to be true; if assumptions are not made, planning cannot proceed. Without assuming certain things planning would be impossible, as we never know for certain how the future will look like.

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Risks and assumptions are often overlooked. Though people acknowledge it or not the route "we'll cross that bridge when we get there" is taken often in project implementation.
What I appreciate in developing a logframe is that it forces one to think about risks and assumptions well before the project begins. An organisation needs to consider things outside their control that may disrupt their project (risks) as well as things they believe without evidence (biases) in every activity of the logframe. Determining the risks and assumptions will assist you to plan for success ensuring that the desired outcome and impact is achieved.

In this context, a risk is defined as an uncertain threat that, in case of occurring, could have a negative impact in the completion of the Goal or Activity.
An assumption, on the other side, is the necessary condition that will enable the successful completion of the Goal or Activity

Risks and Assumptions: These are the situations which may occur during the implementation of the project that is / are out of our hands. We may not have a control of it; this can be related to input, output, outcome and impact. An example: not having enough resources (input), giving capacity building training to wrong audience (some-output), when trainee finishes the training, might decide that he is not interested in it (outcome), training might not show any effect in general due to lack of attendance (impact). It is important to brainstorm about the anticipated risks and assumptions, therefore one can also come up with Plan B and Plan C, and may still reach to the targeted goals.

Atimes knowing that the risk a project might face is beyond you can be disturbing.

There are some risks we can never envisage. Assumptions can easily be cleared.

This module was very insightful. it shows you how to create a logfram and fill all the case (column and row). With the logfram you can be able to set the input, output, outcomes and impact. Make sure you have you set you impact before to start.

I agree with you

I don't understand this section. Please, explain.

When designing a project it is important to find the risks and assumptions for the project starts because this helps to be aware of what might go wrong during the project exhibition. R&A helps you to be aware of what might hurt project thereby, preparing you how to now your biases and the questions to prepare for your survey

In planning for Monitoring and Evaluation, it's important that risk and assumption are put into consideration so as to tackle them, so that risk and assumption can be managed and avoided

Risk and assumptions are a vital part in designing a log frame. When ignored, it could bring the project totally down because the program will be designed on the basis of bias.

Outputs are the short term result you get on the program level.. it is the immediate result you get once you perform an activity.
On the other hand, outcomes are the short term result you get on the population level. It is the result gotten after a given time.

The assumptions provides and describe the situations, events, conditions or decisions which are necessary for the success of the project that are planned to be implemented within a specified time, but which are largely or completely beyond the control of the project's management so should be foreseen earlier.
Risks are events that may have a negative impact on the project if left without a solution.

I think we should place the risks and assumptions on the early project planning phase,

very challenging, but i think a baseline data can be helpful.

By identifying risks and assumptions early, actions may be put into place to either curb or eliminate risks identified.

Identifying risks and assumptions serves to ascertain whether the Goals and Activities proposed are realistic and achievable in the given time frame and within the given available human and financial resources.

Yes, because the risk and assumptions are of the said project

risks are things out of your control which might disrupt your project hence making it difficult to achieve your goal
while assumptions are things that you believe without much evidence that is your biases

From what I gathered in this module is that All project involve some risks and assumptions that need to be expected during the process of project implementation . Therefore it is good to take note so that they can be minimized as much as possible and make adjustments were needed to improve the project performance
Most of the time these assumptions are made in the calculation of the indicator, this contribute to factors
that may introduce bias into the estimates. therefore, data on these factors that may cause distortion of the indicator, should be collected and analysed to avoid incorrect conclusions being drawn on the effectiveness of projects.

Setting realistic goals allow project to achieve the outcomes and lead to very positive impact on the project. However, Setting conflicting project goals can lead to unrealistic targets can impact the project both short and long unrealistic target can result in poor quality outcomes, cost overrun, etc....

Project must have an M&E plan with the mechanisms of data collection and with data use, as well as information about how data collection and reporting will be useful to their project or organizations.
However, each project must have its own data collection tools and project coordinator need to orient implementer/data collector to the use of their project specific data collection tools. The data collection tool should consist of a series of instructions to implementers, what and how they should collect the data, what data to be collected and etc..., The bottom line is that implementers/ data collector should know how to complete the tool/form and what to do if they have questions.

Data management is a process of collecting, entering, analysis, transmitting , interpreting and reporting on information/evidence to ensure that good-quality data are disseminated. to inform planning and fed back into the decision-making process within a project or organization.it is imperative that the following steps be achieved.
Data management system allows for the information to be captured in a way that facilitates data verification, data sharing, and data use.
Additionally, data management ensure ownership of data by organizations(policy-makers and programme managers, etc...) throughout the different processes to optimize its use, despite other obstacles to turning data into action.

I'm Sabrina Mousbe from the Republic of Seychelles. I'm a nurse as profession but currently working as program manager with the Ministry of Health responsible for the coordination of the health sector response to HI/ AIDS. Members of of different civil society organizations.

To avoid biases you have to examine the risks and assumptions

Hi! Does anyone better understand the logical framework?

What if the risks finally affect the project.

Or at least know the reason why something finally goes wrong at the end of the project.

risk is defined as an uncertain threat that, in case of occurring, could have a negative impact in the completion of the Goal or Activity. An assumption, on the other side, is the necessary condition that will enable the successful completion of the Goal or Activity.

HOW DOES ONE OVER COME RISKS AND ASSUMPTIONS

Risk and assumptions are very essential in a LogFrame as it helps you to device mitigation strategies so as to ensure the smooth functioning of the project.

if input is not well defined it means output will be wrong?

in my opinions it seems, risk it is not avoidable though it has to be solved

Improving Peaceful Co-Existence among Rohingya and Host Community

Monitoring and evaluation plan risk and assumption are the importance parts

Being aware of risks and assumptions early on in the project can help project implementors to develop mitigation strategies to minimize risks. They are also well informed from the onset of assumptions and are better prepared in the event of an uncertainity

Risks is any reason why things may not go as planned in project implementation or anything that may hurt the project. These are things that are out of the project's control.
Assumptions is anything that is accepted in the design of the project as correct without validation of data evidence. This reflects our bias.

Assumptions tend to reveal our biases as they largely lack data evidence, though they may be probable.

Well articulated, risks are out of the project's control but identifying them during project design will give us an advantage of planning in advance the alternative routes to take or possible solutions.

For example in extension of irrigation scheme at a certain village, is it possible to list the following as possible risks or assumptions? Those are of the following

• Possibility of occurrence of cases of outbreak diseases, like cholera, diarrhea

• Delay of fund disbursement by the Government/any stakeholder for project implementation

From above two items, the first one its seem to be like an assumptions and the second item is a risk which may occur

Defining risks and assumptions is an important prac

M&E is an essential component in an organization